System administrators have a *ton* of different monitoring solutions to choose from. Many of these (Nagios) are forced on them by evil forces who happen to be higher up in the corporate food chain. Some, however, are a joy to use. In this tutorial, I’ll teach you how to use one of my favorites: Monit ( https://mmonit.com/monit/ ). Monit can help you monitor all the same things as the others (CPU and disk usage, etc.), but it also
Monit 2.0 Free Download for Mac. Slide out Notification Center in order to without difficulty view the key performance data for the Mac computer, such as Cpu, Memory, Cd, Network and Battery. Click on the charts in order to drill d Monit,Monitor,Monit for Mac,Monitor for Mac,Monit Download, Monit Free Download, Monit Full version Download. I have an HP 2000, it has a VGA, HDMI and 3 USB ports (1 is already in use). My Graphics card is an AMD radeon HD 8400/ R3 series. My question is can I connect a second monitor and use my laptop monitor as primary with the external display as a secondary where I can move documents or other pages to the second display while working on either display.
- HWMonitor is a hardware monitoring program that reads PC systems main health sensors: voltages, temperatures, fans speed. The program handles the most common sensor chips, like ITE® IT87 series, most Winbond® ICs, and others. In addition, it can read modern CPUs on-die core thermal sensors, as well has hard drives temperature via S.M.A.R.T, and video card GPU temperature.
- Monit is a safety management system, with a real person dedicated to your company who manages all of your company’s WHS data – ONLINE. The Monit system is fully compliant with each state and territory’s WHS legislation, and is updated regularly to accommodate any changes in WHS laws for your peace of mind.
- intelligently checks your services to make sure they’re up and responding properly,
- can react when things go wrong (restarting services, running scripts, etc.),
- has cool extra features like service management and file-hash checking (to make sure the bad guys haven’t tampered with your system binaries, for example), and
- is really easy to use.
In this post, I’ll take you from “no idea what’s happening on the server” to “closely monitoring critical services.” Follow along!
Installing Monit for Linux/Unix System Monitoring
You heard right — this thing runs on all the Linuxes and Unixes. I use it to monitor an Ubuntu machine, a few Debian VPSs, and several heavy pieces of metal running FreeBSD.
To get it installed (assuming Ubuntu, as always, because it’s what most of you have installed):
Make sure a config file exists (and will be found by monit)
Next, you’ll want to make sure a monit config file exists — this file will be called ‘monitrc’. It will already exist if you just installed monit on Ubuntu:
On FreeBSD, this file was at /usr/local/etc/monitrc.sample, and I copied it over to /root/monitrc (and make absolutely sure that it has permissions of ‘600’ — owner read/write; nothing for group or others. You do not want any other accounts capable of reading this file or doing things with monit, since it can start and stop services).
There are a few different places where you can keep your monitrc file. The documentation is here: https://mmonit.com/monit/documentation/monit.html#FILES.
You can double-check that monit can see your control file (configuration file) by typing
This will check the syntax of your configuration file to make sure there are no problems. Here’s what the output of that command looks like if you don’t have a monitrc file in the right place:
If all goes well, you can run monit and check what’s going on by typing:
Set Up Basic Monit Settings + Webserver
Monit runs as a daemon (a background process that periodically wakes up, does some things, and then goes back to sleep). You’re going to define some things in this config file (monitrc) and every time Monit wakes up it goes through the list of things you told it to check, and alerts you if anything it sees anything wrong. The first lines of your config file will be something like this:
The first line means “wake up and check all the things I’ve defined in this config file every 120 seconds, or two minutes.” The second line means “please log into a special logfile just for monit, as opposed to syslog.” Now the cool part: we’re going to ask monit to run a little web server on our localhost to give us a graphical interface to the monitoring data from this machine:
What this means is “please run a nice little web interface on localhost port 2812, and only allow someone to see the monitoring data if they know this username and password.” Using the ‘localhost’ address means that only someone sitting on the local machine will be able to contact the web server and try logging in.
This means that on a server, you’re not actually opening up a port to all the the bored angry Internet People who would love nothing more than a chance to Break Your Things. Only users who are logged in on your server will be able to log into the monit web interface. We’ll talk about how to connect to that web server a bit later.
Monitoring Rules
Now for the monitoring rules! First, we’ll monitor some of our server’s core metrics, such as cpu usage and swap usage. Add the following to your monitrc file:
This host check is taken from these monit configuration examples, a useful page that will get you up and running with monit configuration snippets. Just like in a shell script, everything after a hash is a comment, the monit ignores it.
Monitor 12 Touch Screen
Next, we’ll monitor a website which we’re presumably hosting on this server. It doesn’t matter if it’s actually hosted on this server; monit will simply go out, try to connect over HTTP, and happily move on if things seem to be working:
If things don’t seem to be working, monit will retry one more time at the next cycle (however long you’ve defined a cycle to be, whether that’s 30 seconds or one hour) and then alert you if the site still doesn’t respond over HTTP.
Next, we’ll monitor mysql and php-fpm, two things you might be running if you’re hosting PHP-based websites:
If you’re not running these on the server where you’re setting up monit, there’s obviously no need to add these to your configuration file.
Once you’ve set up a few rules and you’re happy, run
Checking Your Monit Web Dashboard
Open up a browser and navigate to localhost:2812 (or whichever port you configured in your monitrc config file), and you should be prompted to log in with the username and password you specified. From there, you can see your monitored services: if they’re running, how long they’ve been running, etc.
Connecting to the Monit Web Interface on a Remote Server
When I run the monit web interface on a remote server, I like to keep the same “localhost” settings described above, to make sure that no one can log in from the Net. To make the server think that my browser is “local,” I just use ssh to connect to the server and give me a SOCKS proxy. Then, I route my browser traffic through it and lo! — access the monit web interface. Here’s how:
Monit 1 2 2 Player Games
- Connect to the server with SSH, and ask SSH to map a remote port from the server (2812) to a local port on your machine (12345). remotehost would be the server that is running monit.
- In your browser, navigate to localhost:1234 and when asked for username and password, use the same user/password which you configured your monit webserver to listen on. In our case, this is:
That’s it! You’re now connected to your monit instance’s web server, running on the remote server. You should be seeing delicious output from the services you’re monitoring.
Congratulations! Now you’ve got a base to play around with. To dig in deeper, check out the monit documentation.
![Monit Monit](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/2/29/Tildeslash_Monit_Screenshot.png)
Photo Tip of the Week
The Gamma Question: 1.8 or 2.2 ? Gamma: if you've tried profiling your monitor or done more than just dabble in the digital darkroom you've undoubtedly encountered the term. You may have even read advice telling you that Macs should be set to gamma 1.8 and PC monitors to 2.2. While there are a few specialized monitors out there that serve as exceptions, the fact is that most of us are better off using gamma 2.2 on whichever platform we use. Computer monitors are non-linear devices. A traditional CRT works by translating input voltages for each channel into specific levels of red, green and blue light output, but a given increase in voltage won't produce a proportional increase in brightness. Mysql workbench show. For compatibility reasons, newer digital LCD monitors behave similarly even though their input signal is a stream of numbers for each channel rather than a varying voltage. For both, the actual relationship between input and output can be approximated by a formula known as a power curve wherein the input raised to some power or exponent yields the output. While monitors do vary somewhat, the exponent value needed to quantify this power curve for a typical one is somewhere around 2.5. It is this exponential function that is what we are talking about when we refer to gamma. A 1.0 gamma means that the output value is the same as the input value. A graph of this would be a straight diagonal line as shown below. Gamma values less than 1.0 yield graphs that bow somewhat upward while gamma values greater than 1.0 will bow downward as illustrated. The further from 1.0 the gamma is, the more pronounced the curve. Together with the traditional brightness and contrast controls found on most monitors, the full equation relating input values and gamma to monitor luminance would be: Monitor luminance = Contrast × (Input Gamma) + Brightness That is, while the input value to the power of the gamma value is the heart of what is going on, the contrast control will scale the overall intensity of the output luminance and the brightness control increases all results equally, effectively setting the black level for the monitor. For this reason, both of these should be set to maximize the available range of useful luminance values that can be displayed. Once set, they should not be changed. A somewhat similar phenomenon to gamma happens when ink is applied to paper. A printer's job is to lay down ink droplets proportional in size to the intensity of the color being printed. But due to the mechanical nature of printing and the absorbency of the paper itself, the ink tends to spread in a way known as 'dot gain.' The darker the color being printed, the more the resulting ink is affected by dot gain in a non-linear way. Back when the first Macintosh graphical user interface was released by Apple in 1984, those of us in the PC world were still stuck using DOS. Windows had yet to be invented. So too had the wonders of color management. The only way to get reasonably close to 'what you see is what you get' is to force it to come out that way. There wasn't much Apple could do to alter the way images printed on the early Laser Writer printer since the dot gain was determined mainly by the interaction of ink and paper, not software. And the standard CRT monitor built into the Mac wasn't anything special either, still having a native gamma somewhere near the 2.5 mark. So to make the two come closer to matching, Apple specified how their QuickDraw graphics libraries recorded pixel values to pull the native gamma of the monitor down to 1.8. This made it so that a user adjusting an image on the Mac monitor created pixel values recorded by QuickDraw that printed as a reasonable match to the monitor image. This worked so successfully in fact that the 1.8 gamma became regarded as the gamma of the Mac monitor itself, even though it was actually more a product of QuickDraw than anything else. Even as Quartz all but replaced QuickDraw in OS X, the resulting 1.8 gamma continued as a standard to ensure compatibility with older Macs. All of this today though is reasonably a moot point since monitor and printer appearance are each now controlled by color profiles via ColorSync. Indeed, in a color managed workflow, Mac monitor gamma can be set to any reasonable value without altering what the displayed image looks like since ColorSync automatically compensates. Soft proofing in a color managed application like Photoshop can produce accurate onscreen displays of how an image will print without needing to actually have your monitor replicate the gamma of the printer's dot gain. Today, it is more important to choose a gamma value based on optimizing display performance and the 2.2 standard used on PC systems is a closer match to the 2.5 value native to most monitors than is the legacy 1.8 value. So the obvious question at this point would be why then don't we all use a gamma of 2.5? The 2.2 value comes from how PC display standards originated. Before computer monitors could display images, television had been using CRT systems with similar characteristics for a long time. Indeed, one of the first monitors I used way back when was actually a TV set connected via an RF modulator. In the United States, the National Television Standards Council, or NTSC, determined that they had to slightly under-compensate for the native 2.5 gamma for TV images to look correct. Back when the NTSC standard was set in 1953, it seems that people generally watched their sets in dimly lit rooms, making the displays look less contrasty against the dark background than they actually were. Engineers found that by artificially using a gamma of 2.2 instead of 2.5 images looked more natural in the assumed dim viewing environment. The PC standard for monitor gamma retained this 2.2 gamma since it worked so well for TV. But I can hear at least a few Mac users insisting that when they set their monitor to gamma 2.2 everything looks too dark. This is quite true for non-color managed applications, simply because the gamma changed but the image did not and ColorSync isn't converting things for us. Similarly, if you edit an image so it looks correct in a non-color managed application at gamma 2.2 (say, on a PC perhaps) it will look too bright when viewed at 1.8. But all that both these observations tell us is that changing gamma will affect how existing images get displayed unless our color management system is aware of the change and compensates for it. Neither says anything about the inherent benefits of either choice of gamma value.
Indeed, non-color managed images will only look correct if they are viewed under the same conditions as they were originally edited under. This problem often plagues web graphics as they generally do not contain embedded color profiles. The obvious way to solve this would be for PC users and Mac users to standardize on the same choice of gamma, and the logical choice would be for both to use gamma 2.2 for the reasons outlined here. While some Mac users may still secretly wish that Windows users would switch to 1.8 instead, they're out of luck. The realities of how monitors work is against them and besides, we PC users out number them. | ||||||
Date posted: September 3, 2006 | ||||||
Copyright © 2006 Bob Johnson, Earthbound Light - all rights reserved. | ||||||
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